# Spence's Job Market Signaling Game

I have a little doubt in the Job Market Signalling Game. I am referring to A Primer in Game Theory: Gibbons, Chapter 4, Signaling Games The attached paragraph refers to a Separating Equilibrium case wherein, the High Ability type player chooses to signal $$e_s>e^*(H)$$, so that the Low Ability type has no incentive to mimic High Ability type, since he/she will mimic only when $$e$$ is between $$e^*(H)$$ and $$e_s$$. I understand the reasoning behind this. However, I cannot seem to understand why a High Type player would choose to signal thus is he/she gets a lower payoff by doing so (since it is not optimal). Is it the case that the 'loss' due to Low Ability Type mimicing him/her is greater than the 'loss' ny not playing optimal action? Does this have anything to do with sequential rationality?

I'm sure I'm missing something. Please help me understand the concept and what I'm wrongly inferring. Thank You!

• What makes you think that choosing $e_s$ is not optimal for the High Ability type? – Giskard Apr 11 '19 at 17:33
• @Giskard What I inferred was that the IC of the High Type would move downwards if he/she were to choose a level of $e$ higher than the level at which the IC is tangent to the High type's wage function. I read a bit more and found that playing $e_s$ would be High Type's "best response", since the $e$ lying below and above $e_s$ would be 'inferior'. I seem to not grasp the meaning of 'inferior' in this context. I'm sorry if the question seems pretty lame. My concepts are a bit shaky. – S.Rana Apr 11 '19 at 18:40

Hence, if $$e^*(H)$$ is a sufficiently small cost for the low type to pay to pretend to be high type, then the high type choosing $$e^*(H)$$ will only result in them getting the average wage instead of the high wage.
As a consequence, high type would be willing to pay a bigger cost $$e_s>e^*(H)$$ --- a cost so big for the low type that they won't find it profitable to pay to get the average wage, but at the same time small enough for the high type so that their gains from getting the high wage instead of the average wage outweigh such a cost --- to distinguish themselves from the low type.
The key here is to take into account the presence of the low type (and asymmetric info). They are the ones who cause the reduction of the high type's wage to the average level at cost $$e^*(H)$$.