ratio independent time-invariant variable

I run the following function: $$Y_{it} = a_0+a_1*X_{it}+K*a_3+\epsilon_{it}$$

where $$X_{it}=M_{it}/N_{it}$$ is a generated variable. I got data $$Y_{it}$$ for the period from 2010 to 2015. Due to data unavailable , I just got data $$M_{it}$$ and $$N_{it}$$(two resources) in 2010, $$K$$ is other control variables.

Actually, I run this $$Y_{i2010-2015} = a_0+a_1* M_{i2010}/N_{i2010} +K*a_3+\epsilon_{it}$$

Is there any problem to run this model? Can I use coefficient $$a_1$$ to explain the allocation of resources?

• My answer below assumes that you have multiple observations of $Y$ per individual (one per $t$ year). I am now not sure what your $Y_{i2010-2015}$ notation means. Does it mean you have one combined $Y$ value per individual only? – AlexK May 24 '19 at 1:35
• @AlexK it is multiple observations of $Y_{it}$ per individual . – XJ.C May 24 '19 at 1:39

Given that you have one value for this $$M/N$$ allocation variable per individual, it can be considered a time-invariant explanatory variable. If you estimate this model without including individual fixed effects (which control for all unobserved time-invariant differences between individuals), you will be estimating a pooled cross-section regression, which will allow you to get an estimate of $$a_{1}$$ but which will ignore the panel dimension of your data. As a result, the estimate of this coefficient and all other coefficients will be based on the assumption that the model applies in the same manner to every individual (individuals are not unique) and that there are no effects across time. (You could include dummy variables for each year in the model and do a joint test on those dummies to see if the assumption about the effect of time is valid, though you would not be able to include any other variables that vary only over time.)