If there has been an unexpected increase in demand for Australia's iron ore exports globally, the first thing to notice or realize is that, as a general rule, the importing agent must pay for the purchase of the goods in the currency of the exporter; that is, he must acquire this currency, in exchange for the currency of his country or market. As people outside of Australia purchase their currency, we have more demand for Australian currency, so high demand for a currency or a short supply of it will cause the price to rise. The supply and demand for a currency is tied to a number of interlocking factors including the country's monetary policy, the rate of inflation, and political and economic conditions.
So, since there is a price increase in the Australian currency, iron buyers will again have to see which country/industry maximizes their profits (and this is where it affects other industries as there is a price change, these profits or just continue as before.)
It should be noted that, after all, the most affected are Australian companies, since they lose buyers or stay as before, compared to other non-Australian companies that gain buyers or stay the same.
Domestic consumers will be affected by the central bank's response as they have to adjust the minimum wage, among others, due to their currency changes.
Your idea was on the right track, I hope it helps you and I'll be attentive to comments.
