Questions tagged [definition]
Questions about how economic terms, quantities, or ideas can be defined.
165
questions
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1answer
53 views
Is there a term to refer to the point at which an actor updates a "price"?
Examples of what I mean:
A company increases the price of their product to match increasing COGS (e.g. a restaurant increasing their prices because the cost of ingredients has increased significantly)...
0
votes
1answer
34 views
Why we say "active investing puzzle" while we already know the reason?
Han,2021 describe active investing puzzle as:
Notably, individual investors trade actively and have invested in
active investment funds for decades, and they thereby have on average
underperformed ...
0
votes
0answers
32 views
Asking for "impersonal market" definition
By reading a paper of Han,2021, they wrote
In most investment models, the influence of individual choices on
others is mediated by price or by quantities traded in impersonal
markets
I do not fully ...
3
votes
1answer
56 views
What does "mass" mean in a Macroeconomic model?
A Solow model problem I am trying to solve asks me to assume that the economy consists of identical agents of mass 1. I have never heard of this term before, what does this mean?
1
vote
1answer
29 views
Characterizing goods by R&D costs
Is there a name for distinguishing manufactured goods requiring little/no R&D and ones requiring high/sustained R&D costs? Do these two types of manufactured goods have a name in economics? ...
0
votes
1answer
40 views
The Amsterdam stock exchange market
The Dutch East India Company (founded in 1602) was the first joint-stock company to get a fixed capital stock and as a result, continuous trade in company stock occurred on the Amsterdam Exchange.
I ...
0
votes
1answer
42 views
Convex sets definition
I want to understand why do we have to define a function on convex set before we define concavity or convexity.
https://mjo.osborne.economics.utoronto.ca/index.php/tutorial/index/1/CVN/t#d:CvxSet
I am ...
4
votes
1answer
44 views
Definition of a $k-$strong Nash Equilibrium
Consider a game $G=(N, (A^i)_{i\in N}, (g^i)_{i\in N})$, $N=\{1,2,\dots,n\}$, $A=\Pi_{i\in N}A_i$ is the set of actions and $g^i:A\to \mathbb{R}$ is the payoff function. The latter can be extended ...
1
vote
1answer
23 views
Asking for the definition of various types of treatment?
Borusyak (2021) writes the following:
We further discuss the implications of our results when treatment is simultaneous rather than staggered, when it can switch on and off, and when multiple ...
2
votes
1answer
47 views
Why isn't economic growth defined in terms of the increase in national wealth?
Economic growth is defined as the increase in production or output per unit time. Why isn't it instead defined in terms of the increase in national wealth?
0
votes
1answer
39 views
Confusion regarding the definition of inflation premium
'Inflation premium' is defined here as the higher return that investors demand in exchange for investing in a long-term security, where inflation has a greater potential to reduce the real return.
In ...
1
vote
1answer
38 views
Is cost for "discount for early payment" is opportunity cost?
Deloof (2003) states that
On the other hand, late payment of invoices can be very costly if the
firm is offered a discount for early payment.
This sentence means that if the firm cannot pay back ...
8
votes
1answer
66 views
Is "avoiding being the bearer of bad news" an example of the "principal-agent problem"?
For example:
A king designs a bridge, and he unknowingly does a bad job. He asks an engineer for her opinion, but the engineer fears that if she tells the truth, the dictator will be angry with her.
...
1
vote
1answer
32 views
$I(g)$-terminology
During my studies I came across the $I(g)$-symbol, in the sense that $Z_t \sim I(g)$ for an integer $g$ and $Z_t$ is a times series. What exactly does this mean, and does it have to do with ...
2
votes
2answers
218 views
What are some alternative words for "cartel"?
I am looking for some words for "cartel" in economics.
I did a search and found a good word is "corporate consolidation" from this newspaper. I am wondering if there is any other ...
2
votes
2answers
168 views
Can we rank stochastic dominance of distribution functions that belong to the same class?
The actual distributions I am dealing with are not uniform, but to
keep it simple, consider two uniform distributions, one on [1, 2] and
the other on [0,2]. Can we say that the first FOSDs the second?
...
6
votes
1answer
56 views
Precision of language regarding "statistical significance" in Wooldridge's *Introductory Econometrics* (7th ed)
I've been reading Jeffrey Wooldridge's textbook Introductory Econometrics: A Modern Approach (7th edition) in preparation for a class I will be teaching. I've appreciated the precise language he uses, ...
3
votes
2answers
157 views
What's the difference between Ex-post Incentive Compatibility and Dominant-Strategy Incentive Compatibility
According to the Wikipedia definition of Dominant-Strategy Incentive Compatibility (DSIC):
DSIC means truth-telling is a weakly-dominant strategy, i.e. you fare best or at least not worse by being ...
-1
votes
1answer
25 views
What type of dividends are there [closed]
Then came Meredith Whitney, with news. Whitney was an obscure analyst of financial firms for an obscure financial firm, Oppenheimer and Co., who, on October 31,2007, ceased to be obscure. On that day ...
0
votes
0answers
34 views
What's the name of this particular economics phenomenon (loss and increase of value over many years)?
I have almost no knowledge of economics so I decided to ask you here. Sorry for tags but I didn't have any idea what should I use.
Some things loss its value due to quality and functionality increase. ...
1
vote
1answer
109 views
What are the meanings of "difference-in-differences" and "causal estimand"?
In one discussion, I saw the answer containing two words that I think can be used interchangeably, but I am not sure if it's the case.
I simply state in other posts that the "generalized" **...
2
votes
1answer
38 views
Prices in 'The Wealth of Nations'
While reading 'The Wealth of Nations', I have come across terms like nominal price, consumer price, actual price, exchange price.
What each means? What is the difference between them?
Note: I am ...
8
votes
1answer
231 views
Is there a formal definition of opportunity costs, economic costs, and/or economic profits?
[Edited to remove a mistake in a definition and some typos.]
According to various econ textbooks (e.g. this one), there is a fundamental distinction between economic profit and accounting profit:
(i) ...
3
votes
0answers
28 views
What is normal capacity?
The average variable cost will generally fall as output increases from zero to the normal capacity output due to the occurrence of increasing returns. But beyond the normal capacity output average ...
0
votes
1answer
35 views
What is meant by the sentence in the context of "Monetary Policy in India"? [closed]
To quote from the book, "Indian Economy by Nitin Singhania," this is what I found out,"It is a macroeconomic policy used by RBI to influence the supply of money." What is meant by ...
2
votes
1answer
47 views
Having difficultly to understand two indices with regard to inflation
What are these terms "provisional headline inflation" and "imputed index" used to predict in terms of inflation?
0
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1answer
26 views
Is 'price hike' synonymous with 'price rise'?
Since my childhood I have a belief that in economics price rise and price hike synonymous with each other.
Moreover, the Collin dictionary strengthens by belief:
Hike
But what you experts have to say--...
3
votes
2answers
228 views
How to justify the treatment and control groups for Difference-In-Difference with staggered implementation of laws?
A. Background:
Dong, 2019 and Dasgupta, 2019 used the same way to generate the treatment and control groups because they all learn about the impact of the same laws on different dependent variables. I ...
1
vote
1answer
46 views
What does 'establishment' mean in real estate industry?
I read data on real estate industry and there is a table titled "establishments". The title of it is "number of establishments in real estate for all establishment sizes". Is '...
4
votes
0answers
60 views
Joint significance test in a difference-in-differences setting
I ran the following difference-in-differences regression in software and have some questions about the interpretation of the resulting coefficients and their (joint) significance:
$$
P_{it} = \gamma_i ...
1
vote
1answer
224 views
Comparing & contrasting decision problems and normal games
I am trying to compare and contrast between decision problems and normal games. Are there any key concepts I should know? Any help would be greatly appreciated.
2
votes
1answer
522 views
What are the differences between "Crawling peg" and "Crawl-like arrangement"?
The IMF AREAER 2019 classifies 3 countries as "crawling" and 18 as "crawl-like". It's not clear to me though how these classifications were made and why they couldn't be switched ...
0
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0answers
24 views
What are a "nominal anchor" and an "intermediate target"? Any difference between them?
From the IMF:
The exchange rate thus serves as the nominal anchor or intermediate target of monetary policy.
The monetary authority uses its instruments to achieve a target growth rate for a ...
0
votes
1answer
66 views
What is the term for workers who outputs more than other workers at the same wage thus depressing wage for others? [closed]
What is the specific term for this worker:
A worker who outputs more than other workers at the same wage, therefore now the owner doesn't have to pay workers as much since he gets the same total ...
0
votes
0answers
12 views
Categorizing countries as industrial vs emerging vs developing
Raghuram Rajan (July 2020):
with respect to fiscal support to deal with the pandemic and economic crisis, industrial economies have, on average, deployed 20% of GDP worth of measures; for emerging ...
2
votes
1answer
22 views
Name for the intentional reduction in quality in a non-software, price discrimination setting
Is there a general term in economics for the intentional reduction in quality to reduce deviation to the worst alternative in price discrimination? Like "crippleware," but applicable in non-...
5
votes
2answers
258 views
What is the service equivalent of an economic 'bad'?
In general conversation, the terms "goods and services" are often used together. In economics, these terms have the following meanings:
Goods:
In economics, goods are items that satisfy ...
5
votes
1answer
188 views
What does 'continuation' as in continuation games, strategies, plays, etc. exactly mean?
I am in my first course in grad level game theory. While I was reading through Fudenberg and Tirole's Game Theory, I constantly come into contact with the word 'continuation' to describe some games ...
1
vote
1answer
58 views
Finance vs. financial economics (terminology)
What is the difference between finance and financial economics?
E.g. we have tags for both* and I wonder when to use which, but not only.
*And one more on financial markets – see this thread on Meta ...
3
votes
1answer
34 views
Which are commonly used economics dictionaries?
Do economic dictionaries distinguish between different interpretations of terms in different economic schools of thought, or are there different dictionaries for different schools of thought?
0
votes
1answer
68 views
Does neoclassical economics explain or assume private property rights? [closed]
I understand that neoclassical economics is empirical, in contrast to the a priori base of Austrian economics. I therefore wonder if neoclassical economics also explains, rather than assumes, private ...
0
votes
0answers
36 views
Are there multilevel marketing companies that aren't pyramid schemes?
I've been doing lots of research on pyramid schemes, and the rebranding and institutionalization of the industry in the 1980s with trade groups, heavy investment in politics, etc.
The term "...
10
votes
2answers
1k views
What makes a company too big to fail?
I have read the too big to fail Wikipedia and as far as I understand, a company is too big to fail (and thus will receive government bail-outs) if it's failure has a significant impact on an important ...
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votes
1answer
37 views
Do barriers to entry increase the (collective) market power of incumbent suppliers?
For example in the case of the labour market lower immigration means that low-skilled labour can ask higher wages or better conditions (other things equal). Low skilled labour may have even put the ...
1
vote
1answer
129 views
Difference between yield curve and term structure of interest rate
Can somebody please explain me the difference between yield curve and term structure of interest rate?
Thanks
2
votes
1answer
82 views
What type of an income distribution would allow the fastest growth and/or highest sustainability
Is there a theoretical framework to explore the question of what could be the ideal distribution of income among a population that yields growth and/or sustainability?
Let $P(m)$ be a density function ...
1
vote
2answers
78 views
What does annualised GDP shrinkage of 75% and growth of 54.6% mean?
According to Business Today (India), these are the latest figures for 2020 September 3 for GDP change in World's largest economies.
In simple terms, what do GDP shrinkage of 75% and growth of 54.6% ...
3
votes
3answers
139 views
Discounting terminology confusion
An example of the terminology that surrounds discounting that confuses me can be found in "Investment and Hysteresis" by Dixit:
Let future revenues be discounted at a positive rate $\rho &...
1
vote
1answer
117 views
Why may printing trillions of dollars not lead to inflation?
By definition, inflation should be affected by the increase of the money supply. During the pandemic, there have been numerous huge monetary policies executed, e.g., quantitative easing (QE), ...
1
vote
1answer
35 views
