# All Questions

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### How would M2 and Velocity of M2 be affected if balance sheet expansion continues long-term?

Let’s assume that the Federal Reserve does NOT discontinue injecting liquidity into the Repo market but, instead, continues a long-term policy of continuous and regular liquidity injections. Let’s ...
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### What stops the interest rates from becoming highly negative?

What stops central banks interest from setting highly negative rates? Is it only that people can take out a lot of cash and put it in a vault, or are there other reasons? If we had removed cash and ...
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### Can minimum or subsidies or tax cuts really work? Or will resultant inflation always counterbalance such initiatives? [duplicate]

I was born at the tail end of Eisenhower era and what is clear is that the dollar does not buy what it used to and this inflation has been more or less the trend for many decades. I have yet to hear ...
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### France place in the eurozone in terms of prudence

When I think about the eurozone countires in terms of governments economical prudence I, as many, divide them into the northern prudent(Nordic+ Germany) and the less prudent southern(Grecce, Italy, ...
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### Are interest rates low because of low aggregate demand? If so, what are the reasons for low AD?

Interest rates seem quite low in most of the western world and it looks like the market thinks this will last for a long time. 10-year government bonds in US, Canada, Australia, France, Japan, ...
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### PPP and real exchange rate

Can someone help me with this question. It shoul be easy but i am not able to solve any of them. Thanks
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### What happens to interest rates when they are already at (near) zero and the stock market crashes?

Let's say the global stock market crashes in the coming months (it's currently at an all time high in the western world). What happens to interest rates? "Usually", as I understand from my absolute ...
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### Why would overemployment mean that labor is used inefficiently?

If labor is being used efficiently, there is no excess unemployment or over employment. This phrase from Khan Academy struck me as quite strange. Why on Earth would over employment mean that labor ...
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### MWG Proposition 2.F.1

Is homogeneity of degree zero necessary in proposition 2.F.1? It seems like the proof does not assume homogeneity of degree zero to establish the proposition. If this is true, it seems that ...
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### Experiments in Economics

Hernando de Soto in his book "The Mystery of Capital: Why Capitalism Triumphs in the West and Fails Everywhere Else" describes a series of experiments in different countries, illustrating economic ...
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### Sources to know about latest research

I wanted to keep myself aware of the latest research news and trends etc. in economics. What are some good sources (newsletters, magazines, websites etc.) for that? I did find one from Nature. How ...
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### Why does a firm in a perfectly competitive market not need to cover fixed costs in the short run?

While studying, I came across the solution that in some cases only the produces surplus, PS, needs to be positive, however not the profit, $\pi$. That means that if $PS \geq 0; p \geq AVC$, whereas, e....
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### Independent sort: Fama-French 2015

While replicating the FF-2015 Size-BE/ME-OP 32 test portfolios I notice missing values in the combination Big,BE/ME 4th quartile, OP 4th quartile. I am a bit puzzled, FF say they independently sort ...
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### What is the purpose of multiple regression?

For instance, consider the following regression equation $College Score=\beta_0+\beta_1HighSchool GPA+u$. We interpret this $\beta_1$as the effect of a higher High School GPA holding all other ...
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### Shortcuts for elasticity of substitution

How can I find the elasticity of substitution (I know the definition) if I know the utility function $u(x,y)$? I know its increasing in $x$ and $y$, etcetera, and has everything else you want from a ...
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### Calculate profit when trading between more than two goods

When trading two goods (or currencies) it is relatively easy to say if you are making profit when you know the exchange rates. For example Person A trades Bananas for Person B's Apples. Person A gives ...
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### Mathematic notation of scale returns

I'm having trouble with returns to scale mathematical notation which i found counterintuitive even I'm fine with its definition. Any help will be very appreciated. There are three possible types of ...
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### Deprivation vs. Marginalization

I see many studies of poverty use 'marginalization' and 'deprivation'. What are the difference between them?
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### Fixed costs in the long run

Can anyone please help me understand how fixed costs in the long run are zero? In Microeconomics by J. M. Perloff, the author gives the example of a factory's rent and says that if we are talking ...
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### Economic move from agricultural to manufacture to service in ?what after service sector?

is there anything after service sector .in oecd nation most of employment in service sector.is there anything like post service world.
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### Why is oil being traded in U.S. dollars?

I am trying to understand the concept of money,forex, depreciation of currency,devaluing,...(just the basic stuff). While I was reading about why oil is being traded in U.S. dollars, on the internet, ...
23 views

### How cheap is Gold?

It's possible to measure how cheap stocks are, because we can compare asset price to its output. $$Rate = {Revenue \space \over Capitalisation}$$ And then at any given moment we know how cheap ...
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### Does combination of sticky prices and stagflation lead to redistribution of wealth?

Suppose there is inflation in our country, but some prices are sticky and there is non-positive "growth" of the real GDP. In other words, we experience stagflation. If I understand correctly, non-...
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### Is there evidence that non-profits might have a tax or other competitive advantage in competing with for-profit corporations?

Lets say my non-profit's interest is to diminish co2 emissions in the city. Are there useful forms of putting that tax money for better use and gaining competitive advantage against other for-profit ...
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### Equations of “rational mechanics” and general equilibrium

Vilfredo Pareto, referring to the equations that determine equilibrium, wrote: These equations do not seem new to me, they are old friends. They are the equations of rational mechanics. This ...
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### Capital Recovery Factor for Hyperbolic Discounting

I'm looking for a closed-form capital recovery factor when hyperbolic discounting is used. The Wikipedia article on hyperbolic discounting has this formula for the "present value of a series of equal ...
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### Finding data on (estimated) trade cost elasticities of imports

I'm an undergrad student of economics, and I need to find estimates of the trade cost elasticity of the UK's imports for some homework. My instructors pointed me to the World Bank's databases, ...
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### elasticity in economis is different than elasticity in physics? [closed]

Elasticity in economics : "Elasticity is a general concept which basically means how sensitive one quantity is with respect to some other quantity." (this is from an answer here), so it's like how far ...
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### Why should government bonds have been a part of FSB rules on repo markets?

Since the financial crash, reforms have been made by the FSB, I would like to know why there is the opinion that government bonds should have been part of FSB rules on repo markets
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### For the case of two goods, give an example of preferences that are represnted by a continuous utility function that allows for fat indifference curves

The question in the title sounds like a trick question, due to the monotonicity property that indifference curves have, such that for two goods x and y, strong monotonicity implies y > x. Possible ...
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### Algorithm to find Bayesian Nash Equilibria

I am working on a Bayesian game with a finite number of players and discrete types, but the complexity of the equations is not allowing me to find the BNEs by hand. I read a paper describing ...
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### In the Cournot Duopoly Model,why is the Equilibrium achieved at 1/3 Rd of the Market Share?

I've been reading it for a while,while I do get the action reaction movements,I can't understand as to how the 1/3rd value was reached. Can anyone intuitively or mathematically explain as to how it's ...
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### Why don't researchers use regularized probit model?

I know that a regularized logistic regression can be done to reduce training error, but I haven't found any economics research that uses a regularized probit model, only a regular probit model from ...
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### Reference request: modeling firms that act to create demand for their products

(I don't have an economics background; apologies if my terminology is confusing.) It seems like there is often a situation where a firm can take actions to create demand that did not already exist. ...
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### Is there any overlap between evolutionary and behavioral game theory

Evolutionary and Behavioral game theory are two different techniques. Both seem to be inspired from biology. So is there any overlap between their theory? Are the two complementary to each other in ...