Suppose there are 2 individuals in a simple exchange economy with utilities- U(1)= a*x1 + x2, U(2)= y1*y2. Endowments are (x1,x2)=(4,0) and (y1,y2)=(1,5). We are asked the values of 'a' such that the above allocation is pareto optimal. The answer as given (and explained) is MRS of A >= MRS of B implies pareto optimality. How did we arrive here? URL for reference: http://www.econschool.in/stuff-of-interest/anotherpost/dse-2013-q34