# Tag Info

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Technically you are changing the BDT/USD exchange rate, or at least you're changing one of the reasons. If supply/demand changes, the value of a particular currency is going to change as well. But there are other factors - interest rates and political climate also affects the rate. To give you an example, Venezuela is now going through some rough times, ...

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No, you can definitely grow GDP without foreign investment or even trade. There are 3 basic ways to grow GDP. One is increasing human capital, which includes increasing population as well as allowing women to work. Basically, anything that increases the number of people in the labor force. Second, we have physical capital, which is where foreign ...

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An interest rate is the return that a lender earns on money lent to someone else. If the interest rate is higher then it makes lending money more attractive because the return is higher. In particular, if the interest rate in, say, Russia increases relative to that in the USA then American lenders will switch from lending their money in America to lending ...

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Think about what a loan is in terms of purchasing power. You give a bank your signature on a loan contract and they give you something that will allow you to buy real stuff (houses, cars, whatever). You enjoy this real stuff for some time. Then at the end you have to give the bank something that will allow them to buy real stuff, only more of it. I'm ...

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As there is no practical limit on the number of cryptocurrencies that can be created, and as no one crpytocurrency has a unique advantage over any other, and as no cryptocurrencies are legal tender anywhere, the theoretical market cap of any one cryptocurrency has zero underlying value. What its actual market cap is, will depend on how many suckers can be ...

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Is the only benefit to fluctuating currency rates that it means some people make a lot of money by trading currencies, with zero appreciable benefit to humanity at large ? No. The main benefit of flexible exchange rates is that it allows the currencies to adjust to imbalances in the balance of payments between countries, itself a result of real economic ...

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This is an excellent question and I will do my best to give you a well thought out answer. Many observers believe the U.S. dollar (USD) will lose its status as the world's reserve currency. In fact, I got pushback from another forum regarding finance about this. These doomsday dollar folks cite agreements between China and Iran on settling trade in their ...

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The Rouble depreciates against the US dollar because of demand and supply. Think of it as a story that goes as follows: a) In the ruble/dollar market, the supply of dollars consists of foreigners that have dollars and want to buy goods(oil and other things) and assets from Russia, while the demand for dollars consists of Russians that want to buy goods ...

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why would they force to trade in U.S. dollars instead of just taking the oil from their country by force? One of the basic tenets of power is that $control$ is superior to $ownership$. War is expensive, oil must be stored before it is used, and any captured production assets must be defended and maintained at great cost. Rather than own all of this ...

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No by definition forex is not bartering. By definition (see here) bartering is Barter is an act of trading goods or services between two or more parties without the use of money (or a monetary medium such as a credit card). In essence, bartering involves the provision of one good or service by one party in return for another good or service from another ...

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You are wrong/vague here: the rupee (INR), is appreciating against, say, the USD, it possibly means that there is a high demand for the former. If the rupee becomes more expensive w.r.t. the dollar, demand for the rupee usually decreases, as Indian exports are now more expensive to pay for when measured in dollars, and hence fewer people seek to convert ...

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The convention in finance is that any currency pair "currency1/currency2" is to be interpreted as the number of units of currency2 needed to buy one unit of currency1, or alternatively, as the number of currency2 you get from selling one unit of currency1. For instance, as of 13th of Match of 2017, the currency pair rate of exchange between the £ and the US ...

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Typically foreign reserves will just be assets denominated in a foreign currency, most importantly government debt. Another popular reserve asset are IMF special drawing rights, which are convertible into currencies of member countries. I don't think there is any amount of physical cash currency in international reserves. You can see the makeup of US ...

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U.S. federal financial liabilities consist of currency, reserves at the Fed, bonds, and bills. Bonds and bills do not pay interest, currency does not. For reserves at the Fed, excess reserves need to pay the market rate of interest, while paying interest on required reserves is optional. (The Fed switched to paying interest on required reserves in 2008; it ...

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Used to be capital controls. You could only buy dollars (or any other foreign currency) through official channels at the official favorable rates by providing documentation displaying need for said currency (e.g. Travel or import documents).

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In many ways, it's no different to how any other price is set - by supply and demand. The only thing is, that because it's a transaction of money for money, there's some symmetry at play. When you buy USD with BDT, the price you pay for your USD will go up if the general market demand for USD goes up, or if the supply of USD goes down. Similarly, it will go ...

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You get cheaper access to inputs. For a large advanced economy that is relatively diversified, it is possible that unilateral tariff reductions across many or all sectors can be good for the economy by freeing up resources presently occupied in low-value activities with few prospects to contribute to technological progress. The additional ease of doing ...

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Unfortunately, those who are riding the current trend do not have a clue about what they are doing. I guess, they don't even think of hypothetical situations you've given above to legitimise cryptocurrencies, instead, they appear to be enjoying the joyride. If anything, cryptocurrency trading is more like a fantasy share trading with real consequences. As ...

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I'll try to answer your question as best as I understand it. There are innumerable reasons for why taking oil by force from these nations would be seen as unnecessary by the US, for both political and economic reasons. Just to name one risk, the condemnation of the world community and the breach of trust in our status as a relatively non-predatory hegemon ...

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If you actually raise local tax it would help you can just convert the money raised with local tax into the currency in which the debt is. For example, if UK has some debt in Euros they can raise taxes in pounds and just exchange them at an exchange rate for euros and pay down their euro denominated debt. However, it would not be possible to pay the foreign ...

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I am by no means an expert in monetary policy, but this is how I understand it. An increasing demand for dollars implies that more people want to trade the local currency for dollars. The supply of the local currency then increases while demand for it decreases, implying that the currency will depreciate.

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The trade in itself was not that much different per se but it was restricted and overseen by the government. For example, USSR was net oil exporter and most of its oil was sold for US dollars at international market prices and then USSR used dollars to buy imports that government officials decided to import. For example, you can see overview of trade in ...

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One possible flaw in your reasoning is your assumption about what happens to bond prices when there are capital inflows. For example , suppose that the Bank of England has fixed short term interest rates at 1%, and that the yield of 5yr gilts is also 1%. Then there is a sudden unexpected rise in the Bank of England rate to 1.5%, resulting in capital ...

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The central bank's accounts are not the same as entire country's accounts. The foreign currency reserves statistic comes from the Reserve Bank of India, the central bank, when it discloses its account. The trade deficit is not a property of the central bank's accounts, although the central bank might have economists producing that statistic. The trade ...

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Let us call the country with the trade deficit, country A, which is our domestic country. If a country builds up a trade deficit, it is selling less goods to other countries than it buys from them. To do so, A must exchange its currency for foreign currency. This means more demand for the foreign currency and more supply for the domestic currency. More ...

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The foreign exchange market is a huge over-the-counter market, primarily intermediated by large dealer banks with subsidiaries around the world (sometimes referred to as “money center” banks). A buyer or seller of a currency is almost certainly at or trading with one of these banks. The dealer banks make money via a “spread,” where every buyer or seller of ...

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It's not impossible for a developing country to achieve economic growth without foreign investment, although in some circumstances it could be extremely difficult. Suppose a country's gross output in year 0 is $Y_0$. Assuming autarchy, we can write: $$Y_0 = C_0 + I_0$$ where $C$ is consumption and $I$ is gross investment (government expenditure is assumed ...

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Simply because when you want to buy goods from country A, you (generally) first have to buy A's currency, which means selling yours. And given that selling a currency exerts a downward pressure on its value, the main idea behind a 100 percent cash margin requirement is about counter-balancing the depreciation by exerting an inversely-proportional upward ...

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What effect is stronger in response to domestically motivated economic growth? Is it the depreciating effect of imports or the appreciating effect of new entrants or am I missing something entirely? There's no general answer to that. It depends on the particulars of each economy. Some factors are: Whether imports outweigh exports or viceversa; Whether ...

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