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For a single variable price change,

$$CV = - \int_{p_x^o}^{p_x^f} x_H(\rho,p_y,v^o)d\rho$$

$x_H$ is the Hicksian demand function for good $x$. What happens if both prices change? How does one calculate this? What about for an $n$ dimensional price vector where all the prices are changing?

Please give an example using double integrals.

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  • $\begingroup$ could you use the same idea with a multiple integral $\endgroup$
    – user157623
    Commented May 20, 2015 at 12:17
  • $\begingroup$ I think you can use multiple integrals or calculate the CV for every price (i.e., $CV((p^0_1,p^0_2),(p^f_1,p^0_2))$ and $CV((p^f_1,p^0_2),(p^f_1,p^f_2))$) and just add them up. I don't know what assumptions you need for that to work, but afair they where not very strong, but it was some time ago that I used CVs. $\endgroup$ Commented May 20, 2015 at 12:52

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I think the good way to do that is to introduce the Expenditure function which awesomely solves your problem.


The Expenditure function gives the money one has to spend to achieve a given level of utility, given a utility function $u$ and the vector of prices $p$.

$e(p,u^*)=min_{x \in \mathbb{R}_+^n,u(x) \geq u^*}p \cdot x$

Then you can express your compensating variation in two equivalent ways:

$CV=e(p_1,u_1)-e(p_1,u_0)=e(p_0,u_0)-e(p_1,u_0)$ where $p_0$ and $p_1$ are the old and new prices and $u_0$ and $u_1$ are the old and new utility. One can note that it can be translated as: if given $CV$ in compensation for the change, then the consumer would be indifferent to that change.

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