Questions tagged [money-supply]
Use for questions primarily related to the stock of money, either narrow money (MB or M0), and broad money (M1, M2, etc). This can also be used in questions related to the creation of money by governments and central banks, including questions related to models with a money market like IS-LM, where the supply is of importance.
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How would M2 and Velocity of M2 be affected if balance sheet expansion continues long-term?
Let’s assume that the Federal Reserve does NOT discontinue injecting liquidity into the Repo market but, instead, continues a long-term policy of continuous and regular liquidity injections. Let’s ...
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Any drawback from printing money to pay for national services such as the NHS? [duplicate]
Why can't we just print money to build national infrastructure services such as an additional hospital for the NHS? This would create growth, allowing more doctors and nurses to come through but more ...
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37 views
Does a negative interest decrease the money supply?
If there is less money, its value increases.
There is less liquidity when there is less money.
Does a negative interest decrease the money supply?
Especially when people don't need money: they saved ...
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1answer
40 views
Velocity of M1 versus M2 money
According to Pablo Kurlat's textbook on Macroeconomics, the graph of Ch 13 compares the velocity of M1 and M2 over the years. I don't understand why M1 velocity exceeds M2 even though M2 includes more ...
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1answer
68 views
Can government just print a little of money to purchase some foreign resources?
We know that government shouldn't just print money, because it's gonna be bad. Bad what if to do it in a small scale, just a little, for example to hire some scientist (probably nothing gonna happen ...
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1answer
24 views
Initial creation of reserves
I am currently reading the book "Where does money come from?" which is co-authored by Richard Werner after I took the "Money and Banking"-class in coursera by Perry Mehrling.
There are certain ...
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1answer
39 views
Why aren't open market operations a zero sum transaction?
I know that when the Federal Reserve buys Treasury bonds it increases the money supply, but I don't understand the process behind it. The model that I have given below (which is my best understanding ...
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1answer
39 views
The Fed Lowered Interest Rates, Are they going to buy Bonds?
I originally asked this question on personal finance/money because I didn't know that this exchange site existed. link to same question at person finance/money. Someone on that site mentioned that it ...
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3answers
117 views
LM curve: How interest rate is changing without OMOs by the central bank?
The following is the gist from chapters - 3, 4 & 5 dealing with IS-LM model from Macroeconomics, Blanchard & Johnson, 6th edition.
Equilibrium in the financial market implies an increase in ...
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2answers
47 views
How does the pie get larger?
I understand the concept of creation of wealth through trade, innovation, labor and capital. New value is being added to the economy. Let's imagine for a second that there are no central banks and the ...
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2answers
196 views
Why has M1 grown a lot faster than M3 after the financial crisis?
While the fed has printed a lot of money the last decade and the M1 money quantity growth rate has gone up significantly (red), the M3 growth rate (blue) is almost exactly the same as before the ...
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1answer
58 views
What is the upper limit of circulating money on earth?
I've come up with this question while discussing the topic of customer-perceived value with coworker.
Is there a theoretical upper limit to all circulating money in this world?
To avoid inflation ...
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1answer
55 views
A hypothetical question on neutrality of money
Let's assume that we start with an economy producing two goods, A and B, with each priced $100. Each good is weighted using the same quantity, so CPI equals 100. Nominal wage is also 100 dollars. An ...
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26 views
Which assets beat the injection of money and why?
Suppose a world in which every year $1.03 ^ Y$ liquidity is injected.
Which assets could perform better than 3% per year?
Growth forecasts for these?
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1answer
99 views
Why is the cash in circulation on the rise in rich countries?
The amount of cash in circulation is on the rise in rich countries (US, EU, etc; except the cashless economy, Sweden). In the digital era, isn't this phenomenon contradictional?
For example, here's ...
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2answers
57 views
Quantity theory of money: microfoundations
The quantity theory of money states the price level is proportional to the amount of money in circulation. That is, if the quantity of money increases by some factor $k$, the price level will increase ...
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1answer
51 views
Quantity theory of money
Suppose the velocity of circulation (V) is constant. Annual growth rate of real GDP is 5%. The money
supply grows by 14% per year. Use the quantity theory of money to calculate the inflation rate.
My ...
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What is the effect on money multiplier of the following three cases?
Assuming ceterus paribas in each case:
(i)The bank expands its operations in the field of financial derivatives.
(ii) Increasing competition leads to a fall in the transaction costs incurred by ...
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Difference between IS curve viewed by Keynes and by Friedman
In my economics lectures, we are going through Keynes vs Friedman. As far as I got we have a downward sloping IS curve in the IS-LM model. We get this curve from the Keynesian cross when the rate of ...
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1answer
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How do people check or trust that central bank is not cheating? [closed]
How people can be sure that somebody, cooperating with central bank (or working in it), is not creating money in digital or paper form for themself, so that nobody else notices it?
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Effect of Import Tariff on Supply of Currency on Foreign Exchange Market
I'm struggling with this question below for my macroeconomics course.
If Argentina were to impose a tariff on its imports, how will the supply of Argentina's currency and its exchange rate be ...
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1answer
41 views
The value of money in a model economy. Has this been addressed?
Consider the following question:
"Given a simplified economy which produce and trade some products A,B,C etc... with N agents and a total money supply of M. What will be the price of A, B, C as ...
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3answers
117 views
How important are capital requirements for controlling broad money supply?
Interestingly, the Bank of England (BoE) is one of the few central banks that does not have reserve requirements.
Canada, the UK, New Zealand, Australia, Sweden and Hong Kong have no reserve ...
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95 views
Demand for real money balances worked out example
I was looking through some macroeconomic textbooks and came across a seemingly simple equation that derives the demand for real money balances, I also included the explanation for each part of the ...
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29 views
What is the impact of money “sent” to another country?
I've been thinking about this a lot and I am not sure I have understood correctly. I was thinking about, for example, migrant workers who send a portion of their income back home, or wealthy ...
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1answer
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Why are banks allowed to resell mortgages?
It just seems like a way to get around money creation limits imposed by liquidity requirements. For example if a bank creates new money by extending new morgages then securitizes them and resells them,...
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Distribution function for number of people owning x in assets by country
I would like to know, where I can find, for each country, the graph of the following data distribution:
On the x-axis, money amount, in thousands dollars or other currency.
On the y-axis, for graphs ...
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1answer
38 views
Is it true that when the overall money supply decreases, that the demand for money decreases and the demand for bonds and securities both increase?
Is it true that when the overall money supply decreases, that the demand for money decreases and the demand for bonds and securities both increase?
I understand that to increase the money supply, the ...
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1answer
96 views
Nominal vs real growth of monetary base
Can someone clarify the difference between nominal and real growth of monetary base? I believe it is the policy of some central banks to target for example 0% nominal growth in the monetary base. What ...
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29 views
How does the central bank fund open market operations?
This may seem like an extremely simple question, but I have been unable to find any satisfactory information on this.
How, practically, does the central bank generate the funds to purchases ...
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1answer
126 views
Would taxing money owned (as a share of purchasing power) be a better form of taxation?
Consider a nation whose money is entirely digital (like Bitcoin), but centralized (unlike Bitcoin). Furthermore, the total money supply is fixed, i.e. money cannot be created nor destroyed. To be ...
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4answers
148 views
Does Bad Money Drive Good Money Out Of Circulation
I have heard the saying, "Bad money drives good money out of circulation," (Gresham's Law) many times.
I'm wondering if it's true, what it really means. What's good money? What's bad money?
And if ...
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2answers
68 views
Why did it take so much QE by the ECB to raise the Eurozone inflation to 2%?
From 2015 to 2018 the ECB increased the money supply by around 20% (around 6% y/y), with a GDP increase rate under 1%. Yet the inflation rate remained under 2%. A back-of-the-envelope calculation ...
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Did the robbers from Money Heist real steal noone's money?
Money Heist (original Spanish title: La Casa de papel) is a Spanish TV show about a bank heist.
From Wikipedia (bolding mine),
In Money Heist, a mysterious man, known as "The Professor", is ...
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2answers
58 views
Change in money supply
Suppose a bank makes a loan of $1M to someone taking out a mortgage to buy a house by crediting that person's bank account with a deposit equal to the size of the mortgage. Suppose the required ...
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1answer
113 views
Wealth Creation: Where does the money come from?
I'm trying to better understand wealth creation– let's use trade as an example.
I've bought a cup for \$2 and sold it for \$10. We've "created some new wealth" there– but without a net increase in ...
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2answers
58 views
What does it mean to “print money”?
In my intro macroeconomics course, my professor tried to emphasize that the money supply changes ONLY by increasing or decreasing lending activity. However, I feel like he was trying to focus on ...
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1answer
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Why don't we mint more m0 instead of creating m1 through fractional reserve banking?
From what I understand, m1 money is just as liquid as m0 since an individual can withdraw it from the bank at any time and in any quantity (up to the amount (s)he deposited). Because of this I don't ...
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2answers
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Why doesn't the central bank extend loans directly?
I've been thinking about the credit theory of money lately and how it creates money. Since Banks look for sufficient reserves after extending a loan, and since the central bank always loans out money ...
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4answers
142 views
Understanding interest rates
When a central bank 'pays' interest rate X / year, what does it mean exactly? Is that pure money printing? Where does that money (interest rate) come from? does it increase the debt of the country?
A ...
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1answer
68 views
Why hyper-inflation?
I understand the $MV=PQ$ identity. I also understand the benefit for the government in some cases to having non increasing over time (even if high) values of $\Delta P$ (stealth tax & seigneur-age ...
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1answer
29 views
How does the money supply grow in the long term?
For inflation to happen at roughly 2%/yr and for people to trade the same (or higher) volumes of goods, people must be trading more money. For such a trend to exist in the long term, there must be ...
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1answer
62 views
Intuition behind Real Money Demand and Real Money Supply
Standard undergraduate textbooks begin with an exposition of the money market with the following equilibrium condititon:
$$\frac{M^{s}}{P}=L\left(R,Y\right)
$$
In the above, the LHS is what is ...
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1answer
106 views
Can the Fed raise the M1 money supply permanently w/o helicopter money?
I just read parts of an introductory economics book. I read about the monetary system in the U.S. and came up with the following question:
Can the Fed raise the M1 money supply permanently without ...
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1answer
67 views
Cons of printing more money but not injecting in the system directly
So I don't know if this might be the right place, if it isn't I'd appreciate if anyone can link me to the right place. Anyways here is the question.
I've read up on what are the cons of printing more ...
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3answers
51 views
Will periodical increasing and decreasing cryptocurrency supply peg cryptocurrency to dollar effectivelly?
As far as I understand, in order to make cryptocurrency pegged to USD we need somebody to take the risks of exchange rates. So, if ratio CRYPTO to USD is at a given time 1CRYPTO:1,1 USD, then we ...
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2answers
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What would be the effect on the economy if the United States legalized counterfeiting?
If today the United States legalized counterfeiting, what would be the effect on the economy? The counterfeit must look authentic to be legal, thus requiring some skill.
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Question on money supply related to new crypto project
Following questions are related to a crypto project I am working on and proper answers are of utmost importance to this concept's development. I unfortunately lack expert knowledge about money supply ...
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How does changing the Bank of England base rate work?
If we assume the demand for money (D above) is fixed in this position (for the purposes of this question), and supply (S) is fixed in this position, then how can the BoE change market interest rates (...
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356 views
How does a decrease in money supply affect price levels and Real GDP in the short run?
Specifically, when a short run AS curve is positive, how does a decrease in money supply affect price levels and Real GDP in the short run?
Thank you!
